Shingle roofing construction

ABSTRACT

A sheet of roofing paper includes two sets of visually distinct parallel guide lines which extend longitudinally of the paper. The guide lines of the first set are uniformly spaced apart and the width of the paper is not a multiple of the spacing between the first guide lines so that each end guide line in the set is spaced from the respective side edge of the paper a distance less than the spacing between the guide lines. The second set of guide lines includes a pair of guide lines each of which is located between the end guide line of the first set and the next adjacent guide line of that set. The guide lines of the first set serve as guides for laying rows of shingles and the guide lines of the second set serve as guides for applying subsequent sheets of roofing paper in lapping relation.

Unite States Patet [191 Probst S HINGLE ROOFING CONSTRUCTION 17.5.IFJYSPFPELJQP" Flutes! fler leeeawia [73] Assignee: P.A.L. DevelopmentCorp.,

' Butler, Wis.

[22] Filed: Aug. 3, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 277,648

[52] US. Cl. 52/105, 52/554 [51] Int. Cl E04dl 5/02 [58] Field of Search52/416, 418, 553,

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,541,745 11/1970 Probst52/105 Primary ExaminerJohn E. Murtagh Attorney-Andrus, Sceales, Starke& Sawall Oct.9,l973

[5 7] ABSTRACT A sheet of roofing paper includes two sets of visuallydistinct parallel guide lines which extend longitudinally of the paper.The guide lines of the first set are uniformly spaced apart and thewidth of the paper is not a multiple of the spacing between the firstguide lines so that each end guide line in the set is spaced from therespective side edge of the paper a distance less than the spacingbetween the guide lines. The second set of guide lines includes a pairof guide lines each of which is located between the end guide line ofthe first set and the next adjacent guide line of that set. The guidelines of the first set serve as guides for laying rows of shingles andthe guide lines of the sec ond set serve as guides for applyingsubsequent sheets of roofing paper in lapping relation.

11 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures SHINGILE ROOFING CONSTRUCTKON BACKGROUND OFTHE INVENTION Conventional asphalt or asbestos shingle roofs arenormally constructed by initially applying felt roofing paper to theroof deck and then nailing rows or courses of shingles over the paper inoverlapping relation. The standard asphalt or asbestos shingle isapproximately 36 inches long and 12 inches wide and each course ofshingles overlaps the upper portion of the adjacent lower course byapproximately half the width of the shingles. The roofer normally gaugesthe overlap by eye and without any auxilliary guide mechanism. Withshort runs an experienced roofer can apply the rows of shingles in arelatively straight path, but when a long run is required, as in anapart-ment or commercial building, even an experienced roofer hasconsiderable difficulty in maintaining the rows or courses of shinglesin a straight path, with the result that the rows are frequently wavyand may vary as much as 4 to 5 inches throughout the length of the roof.This problem is further complicated when large obstructions, such asdormers, vents, skylights and the like, interrupt the courses ofshingles. With an obstruction, such as a dormer, the shingles areapplied independently on either side of the dormer and at the top of thedormer the courses are often out of alignment.

In the past, attempts have been made to insure precise alignment of rowsof shingles by using 'auxilliary guide devices which are attached to theroof, or by laying out the position of each row of shingles and snappingchalk lines along the roof. While these methods aid in maintainingalignment of the rows of shingles, the time required for setting upthese alignment systems often overbalances the benefits to be achieved,so that the roofers generally rely on their own visual ability tomaintain alignment of the rows of shingles.

US. Pat. No. 3,541,745 of the same inventor, describes a roofing systemfor applying shingles which insures that the rows of shingles will be inprecise alignment and follow a straight path along the entire length ofthe roof. According to the aforementioned patent, the roofing paper isformed with two sets of visually distinct guide lines which not only aidin alignment of the rows of shingles, but also aid in aligning thesubsequently applied sheets of roofing paper in overlapping relation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an improvement to theroofing system shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,541,745. According to theinvention, the roofing paper, which is adapted to be applied to the roofdeck, is provided with two sets of generally parallel, visually distinctlines which extend longitudinally of the paper. The guide lines of oneset are uniformly spaced across the width of the paper and the width ofthe paper is not a multiple of the distance between the guide lines, sothat the end guide lines of the first set are spaced from the respectiveside edges of the roofing paper a distance that is less than the spacingbetween the guide lines. The second set of guide lines includes a pairof guide lines, each of which is located between an end guide line ofthe first set and the next adjacent guide lines of that set.

The second guide lines, which are visually distinct from the first guidelines, serve as a guide for applying additional sheets of roofing paperto the roof deck in overlapping relation, while the first guide linesserve as guides for applying the rows or courses of shingles over theroofing paper.

The roofing system of the invention provides an accurate method ofapplying shingles which insures that the rows of shingles are in precisealignment and follow a straight path along the entire length of theroof.

The system of the invention is inexpensive for no auxilliary guides ormarkers are required. The guide lines are applied to the roofing paperin the factory so that the overall cost of the system is minimal.

As both the first and second sets of guide lines are symmetrical acrossthe width of the paper, the paper can be unrolled from either side edgeof the roof, and the resulting guide pattern will be identical.

The guide system of the invention can be utilized with 36 inch widthroofing paper which is standard in the industry.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the course of the followingdescription.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings illustrate the best modepresently contemplated of carrying out the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the roofing system of the invention; and

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the rollof roofing paper having the twosets of guide lines.

As shown in the drawings, FIG. 1 illustrates a roof I which is generallyeither a hip or gable roof and facia board 2 is applied to the ends ofthe rafters at the lower edge of the roof. A gutter 3 is located alongthe facia 2 and the flashing 4 of the gutter is nailed to the roof deckl.

A number of sheets of roofing paper 5 are applied to the roof deck 1with each succeeding upper sheet 5 overlapping the upper edge portion ofthe next lower sheet. As shown in the drawings, the lower edge of thelowermost sheet of roof paper 5 extends slightly beyond the lower edgeof the roof deck above the facia In accordance with the invention, a setof uniformly spaced guide lines 6 are applied to the paper 5 and extendlongitudinally of the paper. The guide lines 6 are parallel to the edges7 of the paper and the spacing between the guide lines 6 is not amultiple of the width of the paper 5, so that the distance between theend guide lines and 6h of the set and the respective side edges 7 issubstantially less than the spacing between the guide lines 6. Inpractice, the distance between the guide lines 6 would be approximately5 inches, while the spacing between the end guide lines 6a and 6h andthe respective side edges 7 would be approximately one-half inch.

in addition to the guide lines 6 the paper is also provided with asecond set of guide lines 8a and 8b. The guide lines 6 are disposedparallel to the side edges 7 and the guide lines 60 is located betweenthe guide lines 6a and 61) while the guide line 8b is located betweenthe guide lines 6g and 6h. In practice, the guide lines 8a and 6b wouldbe spaced inwardly approximately onehalf inch from the guide lines 6aand 6h respectively.

The guide lines 6 and 6 are visually distinct, meaning that the guidelines 6 and 8 are of a different color, or one set of guide lines can becontinuous, and the other interrupted in the form of dots, dashes, orthe like, or

the guide lines 6 and 8 can be differentiated in any other manner sothat the roofer can be readily distinguish between the two sets of guidelines 6 and 8. The term guide lines" as used in the claims is intendedto mean either a continuous or interrupted visual marker.

ln laying the roof, the rooder initially unrolls the paper 5, from oneside edge of the roof to the opposite side edge and cuts the felt at theopposite side edge. The paper is then nailed to the roof deck with thelower edge 7 of the paper in the proper alignment with the facia board2. The remaining roll of felt paper is then reversed in position andunrolled from the opposite side edge back toward the original side edgeof the roof. The felt paper is again cut at the original side edge ofthe roof and the cut second sheet of roof paper is then nailed to theroof with the lower edge 7 of the second sheet aligned with the line 8bof the first sheet, as shown in FIG. 1. This procedure is repeated untilthe entire roof is covered with the sheets of the roofing paper witheach upper sheet overlapping the upper edge of the next lower sheet atthe line 8b.

As the guide lines 6 and 8 are symmetrical across the width of theroofing paper the roofer can unroll the felt from either side edge ofthe roof, as opposed to other types of roofing papers which haveunsymmetrical guide lines across the width. With unsymmetrical guidelines, it is necessary to unroll the felt from only one side edge of theroof, so that the roofer, after applying one sheet of the roofing paperis required to carry the remaining roll of paper back to the originalside edge of the roof to apply the next succeeding sheet of roofingpaper. With roofs of substantial length, as in apartment or commercialbuildings, this requires substantial time to continuously walk back andforth across the roof deck. However, with the roofing paper of theinvention, the roofer need not unroll the paper from the same side edgeof the roof, but and after applying one course or sheet of the roofingpaper, he can merely reverse the roll and unroll it back toward theoriginal side edge.

After the roofing paper has been nailed to the roof deck, a startercourse of shingles 9 is applied with the upper edges of the startercourse in alignment with the guide line 60. The shingles in the startercourse are normally inverted so that slits face upwardly and the loweredge of the shingle is continuous. The first course of shingles 10 isthen applied directly over the starter course with the upper edges ofthe first course also aligned with the guide line 60. Each succeedingcourse of shingles is then applied in overlapping relation to theprevious courses with the upper edges of the shingles being aligned witheach succeeding guide line 6d-6h, as illustrated in FIG. 1.

The roofing construction of the invention provides a precise method ofaligning the rows or courses of shingles and insures that the rows willbe laid in a straight path along the entire length of the roof withoutwaves or ripples.

The roofing system can be utilized without the requirement for anyadditional equipment or labor costs, for the sets of guide lines areapplied to the roofing paper in the factory and no additional time orlabor is required in applying guides or laying out guide systems on theroof prior to laying of the roofing.

The roofing system has particular application to long roofs, such as inapartments or commercial buildings, and also to roofs having largeobstructions such as dormers, vents, sky-lights and the like.

The guide line pattern of the invention can be applied to 36 inchroofing paper which is the standard of the industry. Furhermore, fewerguide lines are required with the roofing system of the invention thanwith prior types and this reduces the overall cost of the roofing paper.

Various modes of carrying out the invention are contemplated as beingwithin the scope of the following claims particularly pointing out anddistinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as theinvention.

1 claim:

1. A shingle roof construction material to be applied to a roof deck,comprising a sheet having a pair of opposed side edges, a first set ofgenerally parallel uniformly spaced guide lines extending longitudinallyof the sheet, the width of said sheet not being a multiple of thespacing between said first guide lines, whereby the distance from theend guide lines of the set to the adjacent side edges of the sheet isless than the spacing between the guide lines, and a pair of secondguide lines extending longitudinally of the sheet, each second guideline being spaced inwardly of the end guide line of the first set, withthe spacing between the second guide line and the end guide line of thefirst set being less than the spacing between said first guide lines,said second guide lines having different visual characteris tics fromsaid first guide lines and thereby being visually distinct from saidfirst guide lines.

2. The material of claim 1, wherein said first and second guide linesare disposed symmetrically of the longitudinal center of the sheet.

3. The material of claim 1, wherein the spacing between the end guidelines of the first set and the respective side edges is equal.

4. The material of claim 1, in which the distance between one of saidsecond guide lines and the adjacent end guide line is substantiallyequal to the distance between the other second guide line and theadjacent end guide line.

5. The material of claim 1, wherein each second guide line is locatedcloser to the respective end guide line of the first set than to thenext adjacent first guide line of the first set.

6. The material of claim 5, wherein the distance between the end guidelines of the first set and the respective side edge is approximatelyequal to the distance between said end guide line and the respectivesecond guide line.

7. The material of claim 1, wherein said visual distinction is a colordistinction.

8. The material of claim 1 wherein one of the said sets of guide linesis continuous and the other set of guide lines is interrupted.

9. A roof construction, comprising a roof deck having a lower edge, asheet of rooting material on said roof deck and having a pair ofparallel side edges with the lower of said side edges disposed ingeneral alignment with the lower edge of the roof deck, a first set ofgenerally parallel uniformly spaced guide lines extending longitudinallyof the sheet, the width of said sheet not being a multiple of thespacing between said first guide lines, whereby the distance from theend guide lines of the set to the adjacent side edges of the sheet isless than the spacing between the guide lines, and a pair of secondguide lines extending longitudinally of the sheet, each second guideline being spaced inwardly of the end guide line of the first set, withthe spacing between the second guide line and the end guide line of thefirst set being less than the spacing between said first guide lines,said second guide lines having different visual charactetistics fromsaid first guide lines and thereby being visually distinct from saidfirst guide lines, and a plurality of shingles applied over the roofingmaterial on the roof deck in a series of partially overlapping rows,said shingles having a width slightly greater than twice the spacingbetween said first guide lines, the upper edges of the shingles of eachrow being aligned with one of the first guide lines.

10. The roof construction of claim 9, and including a second sheet ofroofing material having said first and second guide lines thereon, theupper side edge of said second sheet disposed in overlapping alignmentwith the upper second guide line of the first sheet and the distancebetween the lowermost first guide line of said of the longitudinalcenter of the sheet.

1. A shingle roof construction material to be applied to a roof deck,comprising a sheet having a pair of opposed side edges, a first set ofgenerally parallel uniformly spaced guide lines extending longitudinallyof the sheet, the width of said sheet not being a multiple of thespacing between said first guide lines, whereby the distance from theend guide lines of the set to the adjacent side edges of the sheet isless than the spacing between the guide lines, and a pair of secondguide lines extending longitudinally of the sheet, each second guideline being spaced inwardly of the end guide line of the first set, withthe spacing between the second guide line and the end guide line of thefirst set being less than the spacing between said first guide lines,said second guide lines having different visual characteristics fromsaid first guide lines and thereby being visually distinct from saidfirst guide lines.
 2. The material of claim 1, wherein said first andsecond guide lines are disposed symmetrically of the longitudinal centerof the sheet.
 3. The material of claim 1, wherein the spacing betweenthe end guide lines of the first set and the respective side edges isequal.
 4. The material of claim 1, in which the distance between one ofsaid second guide lines and the adjacent end guide line is substantiallyequal to the distance between the other second guide line and theadjacent end guide line.
 5. The material of claim 1, wherein each secondguide line is located closer to the respective end guide line of thefirst set than to the next adjacent first guide line of the first set.6. The material of claim 5, wherein the distance between the end guidelines of the first set and the respective side edge is approximatelyequal to the distance between said end guide line and the respectivesecond guide line.
 7. The material of claim 1, wherein said visualdistinction is a color distinction.
 8. The material of claim 1 whereinone of the said sets of guide lines is continuous and the other set ofguide lines is interrupted.
 9. A roof construction, comprising a roofdeck having a lower edge, a sheet of roofing material on said roof deckand having a pair of parallel side edges with the lower of said sideedges disposed in general alignment with the lower edge of the roofdeck, a first set of generally parallel uniformly spaced guide linesextending longitudinally of the sheet, the width of said sheet not beinga multiple of the spacing between said first guide lines, whereby thedistance from the end guide lines of the set to the adjacent side edgesof the sheet is less than the spacing between the guide lines, and apair of second guide lines extending longitudinally of the sheet, eachsecond guide line being spaced inwardly of the end guide line of thefirst set, with the spacing between the second guide line and the endguide line of the first set being less than the spacing between saidfirst guide lines, said second guide lines having different visualcharactetistics from said first guide lines and thereby being visuallydistinct from said first guide lines, and a plurality of shinglesapplied over the roofing material on the roof deck in a series ofpartially overlapping rows, said shingles having a width slightlygreater than twice the spacing between said first guide lines, the upperedges of the shingles of each row being aligned with one of the firstguide lines.
 10. The roof construction of claim 9, and including asecond sheet of roofing material having said first and second guidelines thereon, the upper side edge of said second sheet disposed inoverlapping alignment with the upper second guide line of the firstsheet and the distance between the lowermost first guide line of saidsecond sheet and the uppermost exposed first guide line of the firstsheet being substantially equal to the spacing between the first guidelines of the first sheet.
 11. The roof construction of claim 9, whereinsaid first and second guide lines are disposed symmetrically of thelongitudinal center of the sheet.